Knowing the exact moment when iron hydroxide forms on quartz substrates can support water quality processes at acid mine drainage sites.

Vale foresees the extraction and processing of 107 million tonnes of iron ore in the project over the next 11 years

The blasting of two ancient sacred caves in May caused public outcry and the departure of Rio's chief executive and two deputies.

Commission will evaluate talks between Vale and Minas Gerais state officials over compensation for tailings dam collapse.

PwC finds the MT50 have maintained consistent revenues and profits, with revenue up 6%.

The energy required corresponds to around a third of Sweden's current electricity production of around 160 terawatt-hours.