Price momentum and structural economic reforms in India and China will also be key demand drivers.

The company's gold production fell to 34,338 ounces in the three months to June 30 from 45,098 ounces in the previous quarter, equivalent to a 43% drop from Q2 2018.

Russia is on its way to the top.

Glencore said in a statement that about 80 people had protested on the national road in the town of Luilu.

While the producers will be conscious that AMCU led the country’s longest ever platinum mining strike in 2014, none can meet its demand for a pay increase of as much as 48% without undermining their businesses.

Update increases Ity’s measured and Indicated resources by 11%.

After a supply glut sent cobalt prices plummeting about 70% from the peak, many of the country’s artisanal miners are now switching focus to copper instead.